Understanding LTL Freight
Less than truckload freight, also commonly referred to as LTL for short, is exactly what it sounds like — the process of transporting products and other goods that don’t necessitate a full tractor-trailer or other large commercial truck to do so.
Because of this configuration, one business may share space with others during transportation. They will pay only for the space their pallets are using, at which point the remainder of the truck will be filled up with assets relating to other businesses. Usually, these LTL freight shipments can range from between 150 pounds to 10,000 pounds, although there may be some exceptions.
Weighing the Pros and Cons of LTL Freight
As is true with any type of shipping, LTL freight has both its advantages and disadvantages. Only by understanding the intricacies of each will you be able to determine which approach is most appropriate for your needs.
Advantages
The most immediate benefit of LTL freight has to do with cost savings. It’s simply far cheaper to pay for a portion of the space on a truck than it is for the entirety of the vehicle. Depending on what you’re shipping, LTL could wind up being exponentially less than what you would otherwise pay.
Because of this, LTL freight is notorious for being small business-friendly in particular. Smaller organizations don’t necessarily have the available funds necessary for full truckload freight. If what they’re shipping doesn’t take up enough physical space to actually require that full truckload, they’re also paying for resources that they’re not utilizing. So not only does LTL freight become the more cost-effective option, but the most efficient one as well.
LTL freight by design is also very environmentally friendly. Due to things like fuel costs, it’s unrealistic to ship a truck with anything less than maximum capacity — especially if it’s going to be traveling large distances. Rather than having five businesses pay for five separate trucks that they won’t be utilizing 100% of, all that can be condensed into a single shipment — creating a beneficial situation for all parties.
Disadvantages
Of course, that’s not to say that LTL freight isn’t without its potential obstacles — chief among them being the added time that it adds to the shipping process.
If a business was paying for a full truckload, that driver would answer exclusively to them. It would pick up those products and head right to their final destination as quickly as possible. With LTL freight, you are sharing space with other businesses that will also need to be attended to. This could cause an appreciable delay in the amount of time it takes for a shipment to reach its destination.
LTL shipping is also inherently complicated due to the ever-fluctuating rates that organizations are charged. It isn’t just your shipment’s destination that carriers are concerned about. They also want to know the total weight, the pickup location, the deadline, and other factors. Everything impacts how much you will pay, which can make it a time-consuming process in and of itself to determine how much you’ll spend and where to go to find the perfect balance between price and the level of service you get in return.
Navigating LTL Freight Rates
As stated, a number of different factors determine the LTL shipping rate that you’ll pay. The dimensions of your shipment determine the class itself, which impacts — but does not totally dictate — the rate. The destination of the shipment will also play a role. The farther it has to go, the more money you can expect to spend.
Some shipments require special handling, which will also add to the cost. Examples include but are not limited to perishable items, fragile items, and anything that is particularly hazardous. Finally, if you choose to expedite your shipment, you can expect to pay an additional fee.
Optimizing LTL Freight Management
One of the best ways to optimize your LTL freight management efforts involves the use of a transportation management system, otherwise known as a TMS for short. This is a software-based tool that not only provides shipping optimization on a case-by-case basis, but also global visibility and business intelligence into everything that you have in transit.
Once all information is entered accurately, a TMS will be able to consider every LTL load you have in the context of your entire business. It can then help you identify opportunities to combine with other loads on nearby routes. It can also help you select an LTL carrier, better anticipate your rates, and more — all so that you can have the most complete and accurate picture to work from when making decisions.
Choosing Between LTL and Parcel Shipping
Generally speaking, LTL shipping is ideal for organizations that A) do not require a full trailer to transport their items, and B) are dealing with a shipment that is under 15,000 pounds. Any more than that and you would obviously want a full trailer. Any less than that and LTL still might be a bit too much effort given what you’re trying to accomplish.
Depending on current freight rates, parcel shipping might be the way to go. This is especially true if the items you’re shipping are under 150 pounds individually. In that case, you’d probably be able to find more competitive rates with a parcel service.
Addressing Common Issues in LTL Shipping
One of the most common issues that businesses often face with LTL shipping has to do with misunderstood shipping windows. When your average person buys a product online that is shipped to their home, they’re very used to “three-day shipping” translating to “three days or less.” When you’re talking about large, complex situations involving LTL freight, a quote of “three days” likely means a “minimum of three days.” Because of that, you need to calibrate your own expectations accordingly and make appropriate arrangements with your customers or those waiting for your shipments.
Another common issue that many have with LTL shipping has to do with rates that seem to fluctuate far more than they really are. If you’re getting a quote based on inaccurate information, that quote will be adjusted appropriately once the carrier actually has possession of your shipment.
For the best results, always weigh and measure as accurately as possible. If a product weighs 10 pounds, but it’s in a box with a lot of empty space, that’s a lot of wasted room that will only add to your costs. Try to package things as carefully as you can to avoid running into these types of problems moving forward.
To find out more information about the ins and outs of LTL freight, or to get answers to any other questions about the process that you may have, please don’t delay — contact Advanced Commercial Capital today.